Origin
Native to the Mekong River Basin in Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia. Typically found in slow-moving or stagnant backwaters, often hidden among submerged roots or detritus.

Visual & Functional Appeal
Its flattened arrowhead-shaped face, muted brown mottling, and expressive eyes give it a prehistoric, brooding charm. Though inactive much of the day, its sudden bursts of movement and watchful gaze make it captivating to observe.

Purpose
Not a community fish—used more for species showcase or solitary, interactive pet tanks. It brings personality and presence, akin to a wet pet.

Importance
Loved by advanced keepers for its intelligence and unique character. Also a teaching tool for understanding predator-prey dynamics and biotope realism.

Included Resources
Needs heavy filtration, robust hiding spots (caves, driftwood), and a soft sandy substrate. Strongly benefits from a feeding tool or tongs due to its powerful bite. Tank lid is required to prevent escapes.

Best Use Cases
Best in a species-only setup or housed alone in predator-focused aquaria. Can be included in biotope tanks mimicking Southeast Asian backwaters or murky riverscapes.

Conservation Context
Wild-caught specimens are the norm. Overharvesting pressure isn’t as high as some puffers, but their popularity contributes to ecosystem disruption if not sourced responsibly.

Ideal Tank Setup
• Single specimen tanks
• Murky Southeast Asian river themes
• Dim lighting with leaf litter and low flow
• Species with minimal tank movement

Region (A)
• Latitude: 16.8746° N
• Longitude: 105.2360° E
(Savannakhet region, Laos – Mekong River tributaries)

Region (B)
• Latitude: 12.5657° N
• Longitude: 104.9910° E
(Central Cambodia – Lower Mekong backwaters)