Origin
Native to peat-rich, slow-moving blackwater streams of Sumatra, Indonesia. Often found in shaded forest waters with dense vegetation and tannin-stained conditions.

Visual & Functional Appeal
Males display a black belly and brilliant red tail fin, while females are more muted with pale spotting. Their expressive eyes and inquisitive behavior make them a favorite among experienced aquarists.

Purpose
This species brings life and personality to small tanks. Their territorial antics and bold displays add dynamic behavior, especially in carefully managed groups.

Importance
Less common than Carinotetraodon travancoricus, but equally rewarding. Encourages responsible, observation-heavy aquascaping. Ideal for nano tank keepers seeking unique fish with character.

Included Resources
Requires soft substrate, dense planting (especially moss and stems), stable filtration, and dark areas or hardscape for retreat. Tannins and floating cover are highly recommended.

Best Use Cases
Species-only nano tanks (10–20 gallons), blackwater setups, or soft-acidic biotopes. Pairs well with live plants and intricate scapes.

Conservation Context
Native habitats are under threat from deforestation and habitat degradation. Awareness and captive care support interest in Southeast Asia’s vulnerable freshwater systems.

Ideal Aquatic Animals
• Other red-tail puffers (in cautious groups of 3–6)
• Snails (for feeding only)
• No tank mates recommended—very aggressive toward others

Region (A)
• Latitude: 0.7893° S
• Longitude: 102.2655° E
(Sumatra, central peat swamps)

Region (B)
• Latitude: 0.1758° N
• Longitude: 103.6284° E
(Sumatra’s Riau Province)